copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Spanish Exploration Birth of the USA American Constitution American Independence War Causes of the American Revolution Democratic Republican Party General Thomas Gage biography Intolerable Acts Loyalists Powers of the President Quebec Act Seven Years' War Stamp Act Tea Party Cold War Battle of Dien Bien Phu Brezhnev Doctrine Brezhnev Era The Spanish quickly set out to explore, conquer, and colonize, which was bad news for the Amerindians who got in their way as they launched their empire. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest, Religious Upheavals in the Developing Atlantic World, New Worlds in the Americas: Labor, Commerce, and the Columbian Exchange, Colonial Rivalries: Dutch and French Colonial Ambitions, The Glorious Revolution and the English Empire, An Empire of Slavery and the Consumer Revolution, Confronting the National Debt: The Aftermath of the French and Indian War, The Stamp Act and the Sons and Daughters of Liberty, The Destruction of the Tea and the Coercive Acts, Disaffection: The First Continental Congress and American Identity, Britains Law-and-Order Strategy and Its Consequences, Common Sense: From Monarchy to an American Republic, The Constitutional Convention and Federal Constitution, Competing Visions: Federalists and Democratic-Republicans, On the Move: The Transportation Revolution, A New Political Style: From John Quincy Adams to Andrew Jackson, The Nullification Crisis and the Bank War, Free Soil or Slave? The Spanish established the first European settlements in the Americas, beginning in the Caribbean and, by 1600, extending throughout Central and South America. Bachelor of Fine Arts | BFA Degrees | NYFA Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. In 1519, he entered Tenochtitln, the capital of the Aztec (Mexica) Empire. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you The Spanish started the trade of potatoes, pineapples, turkey, dahlias, sunflowers, magnolia, maize, chillies and chocolate across the Atlantic. This 1502 map, known as the Cantino World Map, depicts the cartographers interpretation of the world in light of recent discoveries. Portugal, the western-most European country, was one of the primary players in the European Age of Discovery and Exploration. This angered the people of Tenochtitln, who rose up against the interlopers in their city. The seaports there are incredibly fine, as also the magnificent rivers, most of which bear gold. Portugal & the Age of Exploration - World History Encyclopedia The world was opening up, and people were realizing how big it really was. In the eighteenth century, a French historian compared Spanish and Portuguese expansion in the New World in the following terms: The conquests of the Portuguese in the New World are not as pleasing on a broad view as the conquests of Mexico and Peru. Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. What does this letter show us about Spanish objectives in the New World? In 1521, Hernando Corts conquered the Aztecs in Mexico, gaining a territory that was larger than Spain itself. During the winter of 154041, the explorers waged war against the Tiwa in present-day New Mexico. The Spanish then murdered hundreds of high-ranking Mexica during a festival to celebrate Huitzilopochtli, the god of war. Native Spaniards created equally enduring works. They accomplished this through a combination of military strength and strategic alliances with native peoples. The only arms they have are sticks of cane, cut when in seed, with a sharpened stick at the end, and they are afraid to use these. With financial assistance from the maritime enthusiast Prince Henry the Navigator and the invention of lateen or triangular sails, the Portuguese opened trading routes along the African coast. PDF The Age of Exploration - Urbandale Community School District What was the effect of Spanish and Portuguese exploration? What Were the Lasting Effects of Spanish Conquest in Latin - Reference what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? For example, the mariner's astrolabe, which helped to plot location by measuring the altitude of the sun and stars. They explored the coasts of Africa and brought back gold and slaves. The map shows areas of Portuguese and Spanish exploration, the two nations claims under the Treaty of Tordesillas, and a variety of flora, fauna, figures, and structures. This age of exploration and the subsequent creation of an Atlantic World marked the earliest phase of globalization, in which previously isolated groupsAfricans, Native Americans, and Europeansfirst came into contact with each other, sometimes with disastrous results. The time was ripe to explore, discover, and expand. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Payroll Services Expert, Novartis, Prague, Czech Republic 20+ Billion Cash Disbursements, 600k + payments through more than 400 Bank Accounts and countless lives impacted positively with our contributions to fulfill our noble purpose of reimagining medicineThe Payroll Services Expert supports the development of P&O processes, principles, and guidelines for a small client group, as well as . Notes FAQ Contact . Which type of automated bidding strategy is Target CPA? Portuguese spice trading also made goods available to the rest of Europe on a larger scale and enriched Portugal herself. Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby Such problems only created possibilities for new solutions as European colonies and trade cropped up around the world. . Spanish . Hispaniola is a marvel. All of these items are still traded across the Atlantic today to places all over the world. Want to create or adapt books like this? Spain was unable to compete with Portugal throughout most of the 15th century as it was occupied with consolidating itself on the Iberian peninsula and defeating the Islamic empire that had been present since the early middle ages. Spanish rulers Ferdinand and Isabella promoted the acquisition of these new lands in order to strengthen and glorify their own empire. Translated to conqueror, conquistadors were a class of men who especially partook in the age of exploration and discovery by leading expeditions to the New World with the understanding that conquest would gain them wealth and power with their monarchs. Portrait of Ferdinand Magellan. Lutheranism History, Facts & Beliefs | What is Lutheranism? It was able to amplify the power of Undead army by several magnitudes. This material (including graphics) can freely be used for educational purposes such as classroom presentations in universities and colleges. This sixteenth-century map shows the island of Hispaniola (present-day Haiti and Dominican Republic). Far from being unified and content under Aztec rule, many peoples in Mexico resented it and were ready to rebel. Inspired and backed financially by Prince Henry the Navigator, Portuguese explorers sailed south, down the coast of Africa, in hopes of finding a route to the Far East. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Spain and Portugal were neighboring kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula and fierce competitors exploring the African coastline. Westward Expansion, 1840-1900, Industrialization and the Rise of Big Business, 1870-1900, The Growing Pains of Urbanization, 1870-1900, Leading the Way: The Progressive Movement, 1890-1920, Age of Empire: American Foreign Policy, 1890-1914, The Jazz Age: Redefining the Nation, 1919-1929, Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? Finally, Vasco de Gama arrived in India and came back with a nice, profitable load of spices in 1499. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. Spain and Portugal were considered to be the major exponents of The Age of Discovery, stretching from the early 15 th century to mid-17 th century. By Overview. Spain brought the ecomienda system to the New World to build plantations for mining and farming, a system that categorically abused the Amerindian labor force without fair trades for their gold. The increased flow of silver altered the worldwide global trading both socially and economically. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. Beginning in about 1418, Henry sent explorers to sea almost every year. The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. They forced the native people to change their religion and follow Christainity. Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - U.S. History Spanish and Portuguese exploration brought a variety of Western ideas to the new world, including dress and leadership positions like that of the governor. Other explorers made their way up the California coast and across the American southeast. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. They have no iron, nor steel, nor weapons, nor are they fit for them, because although they are well-made men of commanding stature, they appear extraordinarily timid. Where did Christopher Columbus first land? Between 1540 and 1542, Coronado led a large expedition of Spaniards and native allies to the lands north of Mexico City, and for the next several years, they explored the area that is now the southwestern United States ([link]). His patronage allowed some of the most important Portuguese expeditions to take place. Along the way, the explorers were always on the lookout for gold and silver. Hoping to salvage Portugals Atlantic holdings, King Joo II began negotiations with Spain. For them, the dungeon of Elmina was their last sight of their home country. The global flow of silver from the mid-sixteenth century to the early eighteenth century caused social and economic issues by creating social impact in China, changing the economic purpose for trading, and the overall exchange between the Chinese and European nations. The extensive overseas exploration, with the Portuguese and Spanish at the forefront, later joined by the Dutch, English, and French, emerged as a powerful factor in European culture, most notably the European colonization of the Americas. Everywhere they traveled, they brought European diseases, which claimed thousands of native lives as well as the lives of the explorers. At the heart of the Spanish exploration, was the desire to gain access to the spice and silk routes to increase their power and . What Was The Age Of Exploration Or The Age Of Discovery? Spain had dominated much of the Americas; Ortiz goes as far to brand the period as "The Golden Age of Spain [1] ". Motivated by curiosity, a desire to expand into new places, a longing to spread Christianity, and especially, a hope to tap into the lucrative Far East trade, Europeans of the 15th and 16th centuries looked outward and began to explore their world. Las Meninas (The Maids of Honor), painted by Diego Velzquez in 1656, is one of the best-known paintings in history. Seoul Station's Necromancer - Chapter 180: Defense (4) | Light Novel World The Spanish explorers were in search of mineral wealth, looking for El Dorado (the City of Gold) and they aspired to spread Christianity. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. Exploration of North America - HISTORY The surviving Spaniards, numbering a little over three hundred, returned to Mexico City without finding the much-anticipated mountains of gold and silver. Test and improve your knowledge of The Age of Discovery & Exploration with fun multiple choice exams you can take online with Study.com. They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. Vasco de Gamas exploits successfully established a spice trade between Europe and India. Create your account. However, these stories are based on the self-aggrandizing efforts of conquistadors to secure royal favor through the writing of probanzas de mritos (proofs of merit). Thousands of Spaniards flocked to the Americas seeking wealth and status. He then sailed to an island he named Hispaniola (present-day Dominican Republic and Haiti) ([link]). Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest by OpenStaxCollege is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, except where otherwise noted. How did explorers born in Portugal impact the world? There were different reasons for the Spanish and Portuguese exploration, with the Portuguese establishing a trading post empire to protect their goods, and Spain focusing on. This island, like all the others, is most extensive. Portuguese maritime exploration - Wikipedia Europeans longed for the luxuries of the Far East, including silks, pepper, and spices, but the Far East trade was dominated by Muslims and Venetians who hauled the goods over land, making them extremely expensive. answer choices. Sources. Open Document. Ottoman Turks controlled much of the land routes to the East, and they initially charged exorbitant taxes for traders to get through. Posted on . European exploration, exploration of regions of Earth for scientific, commercial, religious, military, and other purposes by Europeans, beginning about the 4th century bce. The Spaniards were not far behind the Portuguese in their exploration and empire building. They understood that the Portuguese would soon reach Asia and, in this competitive race to reach the Far East, the Spanish rulers decided to act. Portugal's wealth increased due to its control of the spice trade with India. 1524. Portuguese traders soon began to settle around the fort and established the town of Elmina. Malintzin remains a controversial figure in the history of the Atlantic World; some people view her as a traitor because she helped Corts conquer the Aztecs, while others see her as a victim of European expansion. At the height of the middle ages, the Mongol Empire had kept open borders throughout Asia and into Europe along the Silk Road, allowing spices and other luxury goods to flow freely from the Far East. The Spanish fleeing from an Aztec force. Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . They are most beautiful, of a thousand varied forms, accessible, and full of trees of endless varieties, so high that they seem to touch the sky, and I have been told that they never lose their foliage. This exchange benefitted Europeans more than Native Americans because Europeans spread smallpox , a deadly disease, to Native Americans when they came into contact with them. Its hills and mountains, fine plains and open country, are rich and fertile for planting and for pasturage, and for building towns and villages. European exploration | Definition, Facts, Maps, Images - Britannica This phenomenon is named after the physics of whip cracking. Although traditional warfare continued to be a major tool for political control, European countries also grew concerned with gaining economic superiority over their neighbors, their main tool being international trade. Q. explored ante empire in Mexico. He received help from the neighboring cities terrorized by the Aztec empire, who periodically collected people from them to offer sacrifices to their gods in many elaborate rituals, outstripping nearby empires in their zeal. This conflict provided the background for the heralded Age of Discovery, whereupon European nations began exploring new horizons to find means of expanding their influence and discovering new and hopefully shorter trade routes. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Jul 22nd, 2021 Published. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. a long period of peace and prosperity for the nations of western Europe. Prince Henry the Navigator - Facts, Timeline & Significance - Biography The Portuguese continued to focus on building trade networks and establishing a trading post empire without heavy colonization in direct contrast to the Spanish. In anticipation of winning his own honor and riches, Corts later explored the Yucatn Peninsula. Learn key differences in what each country focused on when colonizing. To those ends, Ferdinand and Isabella sponsored extensive Atlantic exploration. D. Africans attended Prince Henry's navigation school The process where the Spanish and Portuguese Christians reclaim the Iberian Peninsula is called the Reconquista. From the beginning of the Aztec conquest, a collection of Franciscan friars had come to convert the natives. Perhaps the key motivator behind exploration in this era was economic. What impact did the Portuguese have on exploration? All other trademarks and copyrights are the property of their respective owners. When this lesson is over, you should be able to: To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Magellan's Circumnavigation of the Earth | Origins