for $15 million, including assumed claims, Purchased from Spain Fifteen years before his famous address to the American Historical Association, the Epic of Greater America, Bolton published a series of classroom maps and an atlas with Albert Bushnell Hart. Nationalism waxed, imperialism waned. 4 0 obj The country had claimed scattered military bases before, but in 1945, the United States possessed some 30,000 military installations on 2,000 base sites. They shot five Congressmen, nearly killing one. 1856; under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Following are the historical territorial acquisitions of the United States : For information on internal territorial acquisitions, see List of U.S.-Native American treaties . On Hawaiian statehood in this regard, see Sarah Miller-Davenport, State of the New: Hawaii Statehood and Global Decolonization in American Culture, 19451978 (Ph.D. Fish and Wildlife Service, Purchased from Spain for $20 millon following 10 It is true that many of the currentinsular possessions of the United States are extraordinarily small (Wake Island: population 150; Swains Island: population 17). America Acquires Alaska Secretary of State William Seward arranged for the purchase of Alaska from Russia Showed U. S. Imperialism Also made it clear to the rest of the world that the U. S. was becoming a world power. David Rumsey Map Collection. Imperial maps are discussed in Susan Schulten, The Geographical Imagination in America, 18801950 (Chicago, IL, 2001), 3844, 17680. The many islands claimed by the United States but not listed in the census (all uninhabited) are not included. The most thorough account of Hawaiian martial law is Harry N. Scheiber and Jane L. Scheiber, Bayonets in Paradise: A Half-Century Retrospect on Martial Law in Hawaii, 19411946, University of Hawaii Law Review 19 (1997): 477648. But moving it into the non-state column changes little. 28. It was but one in a long chain of violent acts undertaken by Puerto Rican nationalists under the leadership of Pedro Albizu Campos, arguably the most important domestic opponent of the U.S. empire in the twentieth century. It culminated in nationalists firing shots at the governors mansion in San Juan and in a very-nearly-successful assassination attempt on President Harry Truman in Washington, D.C. Reporter and political insider Drew Pearson cited the attempt on Trumans life as one of the reasons that Truman didnt run for re-election. 1 0 obj (Oxford, 1989). 11 Nearly thirteen percent of its populace lived in its overseas colonies. The zip has the lab results and etc. Includes notes and statistics table including population and distances. diss., University of Chicago, 2014). You wont find him anywhere in the Oxford History of the United States , the New Cambridge History of American Foreign Relations , or any of the major textbooksincluding those, like Howard Zinns Peoples History of the United States and James W. Loewens Lies My Teacher Told Me , explicitly designed to give voice to suppressed histories. That narrative, I would argue, only makes sense if you dont count the colonies as parts of the United States. (New York, 2006), 179. Bicknell, Edward. ch. On March 1, 1784, just 47 days after the Treaty of Paris granting the United States independence was ratified, Virginia ceded its claims over the area north of the Ohio River to the federal government. In popular memory, it remains the good war, a war focused mainly on the goal of stopping Hitlers crusade through Europe. Sources and figures (in thousands): South Korea (17,917), the Philippines (18,228), and Japan (76,224): Maddison Project Database, January 2013 update, Groningen Growth and Development Centre, www/ggdc.net/maddison ; Hawaii (815), Alaska (138), Puerto Rico (2,071), and the U.S. Virgin Islands (27): Current Population Reports , Series P-25, No. James R. Blaker, United States Overseas Basing: An Anatomy of the Dilemma (New York, 1990), 33. The Library of Congress has accepted an estimate of one million Filipino fatalities, which also circulates in the Philippines. Boston, Small, Maynard & company. 3 0 obj Reasoning with a racist logicthe initial cases were decided by the same court that decided Plessy v. Ferguson it concluded that the bulk of the territories were unincorporated into the political body of the United States. Why do you think so many of these new possessions were islands located in the Pacific Ocean? HISTORY United States: world's fourth largest country in terms of area #1: Russia #2: Canada #3: China migration: the movement of people within a country or region . 1853. Insular Affairs of the Department of the Interior, Annexed in settlement with Britain and Germany; Because my calculation does not include states that were never territories, it excludes (1) the original thirteen states, (2) states that were carved out of existing states (KY, ME, WV), and (3) independent republics that were admitted as states (TX, VT). Yet Williamss school regarded 1898 as symptomatic rather than substantive: the small and visible tip of a much larger imperial iceberg. The reason for Oklahomas long period of territorial subjugation is that, for the majority of the nineteenth century, it wasnt Oklahoma but Indian Territory, a legally defined but unorganized all-Indian territory within the United States. xTnI}nw(qA0!`%vl@$;;cTT\\^>HBJJI^IFBUv;_A?HP//4 p"1 Also available in digital form. Law Club (Chicago, Ill.) - Smith, Howard Leslie. The history of American expansion and the story of our new possessions. 11 and 29; and William E. Unrau, The Rise and Fall of Indian Country, 18251855 (Lawrence, KS, 2007). Diplomatic History used to be like that. Stephen Hunter and John Bainbridge, Jr., American Gunfight: The Plot to Kill Harry Trumanand the Shoot-Out That Stopped It (New York, 2005), 266. 42. $.' Congress approved the annexation of Texas on February 28, 1845. sovereign, self-governing republic. If that is anywhere close to correct, that makes World War II in the Philippines the most violent event ever to take place on U.S. soil, bloodier by far than the Civil War. 37. Besides the above, see especially Cynthia Enloe, Bananas, Beaches, and Bases: Making Feminist Sense of International Politics (Berkeley, CA, 1990); Katharine H. S. Moon, Sex among Allies: Military Prostitution in U.S.Korea Relations (New York, 1997); McCaffrey, Military Power and Popular Protest ; Maria Hhn, GIs and Frauleins: The German-American Encounter in 1950s West Germany (Chapel Hill, NC, 2002); Ji-Yeon Yuh, Beyond the Shadow of Camptown: Korean Military Brides in America (New York, 2002); Petra Goedde, GIs and Germans: Culture, Gender, and Foreign Relations, 19451959 (New Haven, CT, 2003); Mark L. Gillem, America Town: Building the Outposts of Empire (Minneapolis, MN, 2007); Masumichi S. Inoue, Okinawa and the U.S. Military: Identity Making in the Age of Globalization (New York, 2007); Harvey Neptune, Caliban and the Yankees: Trinidad and the United States Occupation (Chapel Hill, NC, 2007); Steven High, Base Colonies in the Western Hemisphere, 19401967 (New York, 2009); Lipman, Guantnamo ; Lutz, ed., The Bases of Empire ; David Vine, Island of Shame: The Secret History of the U.S Military Base on Diego Garcia (Princeton, NJ, 2009); Maria Hhn and Seungsook Moon, eds., Over There: Living with the U.S. Military Empire from World War Two to the Present (Durham, NC, 2010); Amy Austin Holmes, Social Unrest and American Military Bases in Turkey and Germany since 1945 (Cambridge, 2014); Sasha Davis, The Empires Edge: Militarization, Resistance, and Transcending Hegemony in the Pacific (Athens, GA, 2015); and Vine, Base Nation . But they are not the whole of it. It was entitled Greater United States. 19. Most U.S. historians, especially when working on the zoomed-out, textbook level, implicitly take as their unit of analysis only a part of the United States, the contiguous part. African Americans, frequently understood to be victims of internal colonization, are a small and subjugated part of the population. self-governing U.S. commomwealth, United Nations Trust Territory; 1986 became a For too long, historians, like cartographers, have accepted the logic of the Insular Cases . The country's first and largest territorial acquisition was the Louisiana Purchase in 1803 for $10 million; it nearly doubled the landmass of the original 13 states. Help With Assignments 1 The extraordinary maps they made showed the United States as it had become, not a contiguous mass but rather an empire with global reach. Now lets look at Entrepreneurial Leadership Chronological List of United States Expansion - Weber State University turkey stuffed with rice and meat; boil water advisory near me 2021 The organization consisted of several groups of adventurers for hire that acted more or less independently under the company's charter. self-governing commonwealth of the United States, Annexed following Spanish-America War; in 1950 became stream United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904. Theodore Friend writes that at least 500,000 Filipinos, 300,000 Japanese, and 40,000 mainlanders were killed in Between Two Empires: The Ordeal of the Philippines, 19291946 (New Haven, CT, 1965), 267. - Shattuc, W. B. As it gained power, it shed territory. It is an extraordinary fact about the United States that its western territories became states, parts of the union on an equal footing with older states. I am here counting Washington, D.C., among the states, even though it is a district, not a state, and lacks the full rights that states have. There is a K-8 school named after him in Harlem: P.S. Thus, in these cases of partial annexation, I use 1803 as the start date for LA, MN, ND, SD, MT, OK, and WY; 1845 as the start date for CO and NM; and 1848 as the start date for AZ. Speech of Hon. First attempt to open the Mississippi LC Civil War maps (2nd ed. Empire, Militarization, and Suburbanization and the Marshall Islands, 19441986 (Ph.D. of the United States, Geography 20 The first arc in the history of the Greater United States, concerning western territories, is obviously central to any telling of U.S. history, and has been since at least Frederick Jackson Turners frontier thesis. As the 1898 generation saw, a full history of the Greater United States is not just the story of overseas territories, but also of western ones. United States--Foreign relations, - of 1783 following military victory, Purchased from France Bouda Etemad, Possessing the World: Taking the Measurements of Colonisation from the Eighteenth to the Twentieth Century , trans. This is a United States territorial acquisitions and conquests list, . A detailed account, based on interviews with two of the shooters, is Manuel Roig-Franzia, A Terrorist in the House, Washington Post , February 22, 2004. 34. 26. With time, Indian Territory was whittled down to Oklahoma. The United States of America : including all its newly acquired territory. Arguments for U.S. Jimmy M. Skaggs, The Great Guano Rush: Entrepreneurs and American Overseas Expansion (New York, 1994), 199. 30. But those familiar borders only held for four years. . United States territorial acquisitions table - Wikipedia 25 And the pattern continued: as older territories became states, new annexations brought new territories into the polity. Spanish-America War; fully independent in 1946, Annexed following Spanish-America War; currently a The country claimed 94 such islands, nearly all in the Caribbean and Pacific, by 1903. Title from title sheet. Or jump ahead to the 2008 presidential election, which pitted Barack Obama, a Hawaiian (born shortly after Hawaii became a state), against John McCain, a Zonian (i.e., born in the Panama Canal Zone), and Sarah Palin, the governor of Alaska. Both Hillary Clinton and Rudy Giuliani marched in that parade. 44, The United States has shifted away from the large land annexations of the nineteenth century to an empire consisting largely of islands and overseas bases: a pointillist empire. August R. Ohmans 1904 pocket map, highlighting the expansion of the United States, feautures a world map, top inset. Following the United States' annexation of the Philippines, _____ led a revolt against the U.S. that resulted in more U.S. casualties than the number who . Hi Overseas empire usually appears in textbooks as an episodea single chapter, set in 1898rather than as an enduring feature. Palin herself twice attended Alaska Independence Party conventions. It would be easy to round those points down to zero, just as it has been easy to round the western territories up to states. 38. 2 0 obj What we rarely acknowledge is how much territory the U.S. also held by the wars end. 33. Then there is the Dr. Pedro Albizu Campos High School in the mass-produced suburb of Levittown. SpanAmer War Webquestdoc (1).docx - Name: _ Period - coursehero.com Williams and the many historians working in his long shadow have always happily acknowledged the colonies that the United States took. An acquisition occurs when a buying company . Texas. 12. Purchase from Mexico following military victory; $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims. 5 (2011): 134891. Surely, hundreds of thousands of Filipinos died in the war. All instructions are in the template file. 1. Certainly, in terms of size, current overseas holdings dont add up to muchall U.S. overseas territory today, including military bases, comprises an area smaller than Connecticut. Acquisitions Incorporated | Forgotten Realms Wiki | Fandom Benedict Anderson, Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origin and Spread of Nationalism, rev. After Albizu went to prison, his supporters held a march in Ponce, Puerto Rico, and were gunned down by the police. 5 0 obj A helpful account of the Wisconsin School is Morgans Into New Territory . We can see, better than we could before, how the territorial extensions of the United States matter today, and how they have mattered in the past. Nevertheless, it is worth pointing out that a full census of all the people who lived under U.S. jurisdiction at the wars endresidents of the states, colonies, and occupied zonesreveals the astonishing fact that the majority (51%) lived outside of the continental United States. 203. ), 32 Sherman's march to the sea LC Civil War maps (2nd R. O. Evans and Company - Robertson, H. C. National expansion under the Constitution; or, Despotic power versus delegated authority. 35. Leadership Task 2 ed. $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims, Unincorporated territory claimed under Guano Act of It is somewhat absurd to compare that figure to the actual number of black people, given the arbitrary and variable nature of race as a social construction (particularly so within the empire). 4. The story of western expansion is, of course, well known. o :E>vYs~;+&`]J(g(Ql)u Y!+wZ41Y@5 V5Q Z J&j8jkuJ?uFbccuc(d01 Ey?G78%@E^5p;MlCjRM1 a#j@#(#$5|IW:;&,-~P0m. Passage to statehood did come quickly in some cases, such as gold-rush California. It would be hard to disagree with the Wisconsin-School assertion that U.S. global power rests on foundations other than territorial control. Andrene Everson (New York, 2007), 131. The contraction of the basing network is chronicled in Blaker, United States Overseas Basing , chap. United States Acquisitions and Annexations, 1857-1904 United States positions (with date of acquiunion) 1047 Spheres of Influence We typically say that the end of the war left the United States in a global position of economic and political supremacy. 40. Historians have rightly come to understand such sovereignty challenges as important components of U.S. history rather than as foreign episodes that lie outside the purview of the United States. Only in Hawaii, Midway, and Howland did the vagaries of the international date line place the attack on December 7th. Value of merger and acquisition deals in the United States from 2006 to 3rd quarter 2022 (in billion U.S. dollars) Premium Statistic Number of M&A deals in the U.S. 2000-2021 Writers, too, registered the change, as they cast about for new ways to refer to the country. <>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 720 540] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> Discovery Channel Program Exercise in Support and Credibility, Minimum 500 Word Article Review Article Is Provided On December 29, 1845, Texas became the 28th state. Research at least 6 tools in each category and, Please Follow All The Requirements Carefully And Upload On Time 4 Herbert E. Bolton, The Epic of Greater America, American Historical Review 38, no. Search for other works by this author on: The Author 2016. Examine the map of US acquisitions and annexations. In 1857, the United States began annexing guano islandsuninhabited islands possessing valuable fertilizer. This box map, from the inside cover of the 1910 edition of Allen C. Thomas's textbook, An Elementary History of the United States (first published 1900), shows the Philippines, Alaska, Hawai'i, Guam, Wake Island, American Samoa, and Puerto Rico. Please see attached document for assignments needed. Zone in Austria (2,650): John D. Hilldring, American Policy in Occupied Areas (Washington, DC: 1947), 24; U.S. On Indian Territory, alternatively known as Indian Country: Roy Gittinger, The Formation of the State of Oklahoma, 18031906 (Norman, OK, 1939); Francis Paul Prucha, The Great Father: The United States and the American Indians , 2 vols. We are seeing within the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations (SHAFR) a surge of interest in the many spaces that the United States has controlled outside of its mainland. 13. If California was one end of the spectrum, Oklahoma was the other. The territorial acquisitions of the United States, -1904, an historical review. Municipal annexation is a process by which a municipality expands its boundaries into nearby, usually adjacent, unincorporated areas. Map of A map of the United States showing the territorial acquisitions up to the Gadsden Purchase in northern Mexico in 1853. Levittown, Puerto Rico, that is. Imperialism in Puerto Rico (Berkeley, CA, 2002); Katherine T. McCaffrey, Military Power and Popular Protest: The U.S. Navy in Vieques, Puerto Rico (New Brunswick, NJ, 2002); Noenoe K. Silva, Aloha Betrayed: Native Hawaiian Resistance to American Colonialism (Durham, NC, 2004); Warwick Anderson, Colonial Pathologies: American Tropical Medicine, Race, and Hygiene in the Philippines (Durham, NC, 2006); Paul A. Kramer, The Blood of Government: Race, Empire, the United States, and the Philippines (Chapel Hill, NC, 2006); Julian Go, American Empire and the Politics of Meaning Elite Political Cultures and the Philippines and Puerto Rico during U.S. Colonialism (Durham, NC, 2008); Julie Greene, The Canal Builders: Making Americas Empire at the Panama Canal (New York, 2009); Jana K. Lipman, Guantnamo: A Working-Class History between Empire and Revolution (Berkeley, CA, 2009); Alfred W. McCoy, Policing Americas Empire: The United States, the Philippines and the Rise of the Surveillance State (Madison, WI, 2009); Anne L. Foster, Projections of Power: The United States and Europe in Colonial Southeast Asia (Durham, NC, 2010); Lanny Thompson, Imperial Archipelago: Representation and Rule in the Insular Territories under U.S. Dominion after 1898 (Honolulu, HI, 2010); and Julian Go, Patterns of Empire: The British and American Empires, 1688 to the Present (Cambridge, 2011). Pdf. W.B. By 1791, when all of the Atlantic states except Georgia had given up their pretentions that their borders stretched to the western edge of the country, the states covered only slightly more than half (55%) of the United States. Please read and follow the lab r, Internet Research Of 6 Ids And 6 Vulnerability Management And Assessment Tools 1 The Oregon Treaty with Great Britain. in 1999, Purchased from Denmark state.gov. Annexation of independent republic. following military victory; $15 million plus 3.25 million in assumed claims, Unincorporated territory claimed under Guano Act of 1856, Unincorporated territory annexed under Guano Act of 1856; John W. Griggs in The Insular Cases, Comprising the Records, Briefs, and Arguments of Counsel in the Insular Cases of the October Term, 1900, in the Supreme Court of the United States (Washington, DC, 1901), 363. Summary, Has The Organization Managements Played Part In Increase In Information Risk In The Modern World 1 6 Although this is strange to contemplate, we are now as chronologically distant from that book as that book was from the Philippine-American War. stream analyze this Document (notes). United States Acquisitions and The first sixteen chiefs of staff, until 1948, all served in the colonies. A helpful overview of the significance of the colonies for the mainland is Alfred W. McCoy, Francisco A. Scarano, and Courtney Johnson, On the Tropic of Cancer: Transitions and Transformations in the U.S. Imperial State, in McCoy and Scarano, Colonial Crucible , 333. By its entry into the First World War in 1917, the United States could appear on the global stage as an ideologically anti-colonial force, even though it still held a sizeable empire. For a very long time, in fact. That is because they dramatically expose the gap between the logo map conception of the United States and the larger conception for which I am arguing. 45. Surely its meaningful that the present editors of this journal, Nick Cullather and Anne Foster, are both historians of the Philippines. We destroyed roads, public buildings, and bridges. Acquisition History - U.S. Department of Defense Oregon Territory. 52, July 27, 1951, 3; Panama Canal Zone (46): Current Population Reports , Series P-25, No. Histories of the United States are, by and large, histories of the logo map. chemical weapon disposal site, Purchased from Russia Albizus long career defies easy summary. It has to do also with something deeper: our conception of the United States. 5 In my home city of Chicago, there is a public high school named after him (with an adjoining family learning center for teen parents named after Lolita Lebrn, the chief shooter in the 1954 House shootings). For guidance about compiling full citations consult Citing Primary Sources. Supporters of expansion denied that the United States sought to annex foreign lands. But we speak less of another anticolonial revolt that broke out in another part of the world. 3 (1933): 44874. A key enabling move made by Williams and the Wisconsin School that continued his ideas was to refuse to limit discussion of empire to a discussion of colonies. Acquisition may refer to: . Cover-title. 1, Number of Inhabitants (Washington, DC: 1942), 12.6% of the population of the Greater United States lived in the overseas territories. Caveat: 1945, occurring between decennial census enumerations in the U.S. mainland and at the end of a destabilizing war everywhere else, was not the best year for accurate population counts. They hung on classroom walls. Why were so many new possessions located in the Pacific Ocean? United States territorial acquisitions table, Last edited on 21 February 2023, at 08:11, Territorial evolution of the United States, Learn how and when to remove this template message, territorial acquisitions of the United States, "Milestones: 18011829 Office of the Historian", "Milestones: 18301860 Office of the Historian", "Milestones: 18661898 Office of the Historian", "Territorial Acquisitions of the United States", "Why the United States Controls Guantanamo Bay", http://www.waterislandhistory.com/militaryhistory.html, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_territorial_acquisitions_table&oldid=1140692169, This page was last edited on 21 February 2023, at 08:11. Consider that, in 1940, African Americans made up less than nine percent of the population. Opening to China, A State of Neutrality: State Development and Early American Neutrality, U.S. Art Museums and Exhibition Diplomacy, Cultural Intermediaries and the Sounds of Freedom, About the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic, Copyright 2023 Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations. That is the same number that the American Historical Review has published. That list includes some of the most written-about figures in U.S. history: John Pershing, George C. Marshall, Douglas MacArthur, and Dwight Eisenhower. At upper left margin: No. But the second arc, concerning overseas territories, is regarded as less so. To get a better sense of this, consider the historiographic fate of the Philippines, the largest U.S. colony by an order of magnitude, in our most prominent historical journals. Indeed, a remarkable feature of the intellectual moment of 1898 was its revision of the history of continental expansion, by which western territories came to be seen as quasi-colonies. endobj 9. For a larger overview of the Philippines during the war, the places to start are Teodoro A. Agoncillo, The Fateful Years: Japans Adventure in the Philippines (Quezon City, 1965), 2 vols., and Richard Trota Jose, ed., World War II and the Japanese Occupation (Quezon City, 2006). Benedict Anderson called it the logo map. 13. More about Copyright and other Restrictions. Congress rejected the proposal, though, partly to avoid the prospect of Indian representatives in the Capitol. In World War I, inspired by Wilsonian rhetoric of self-determination, Albizu served as a First Lieutenant in the U.S. Army. William Appleman Williams, The Tragedy of American Diplomacy (Cleveland, OH, 1959). I am counting the time between when a territory was annexed to the United States to the time it was admitted to the Union as a state. Those examples are merely suggestive. 22. The territorial acquisitions of the United States, 1787-1904, an historical review, Names Bicknell, Edward. 29 Its remarkable, in fact, how many key figures in U.S. history sojourned in the overseas territories. On the same day that the Japanese struck Hawaii, they also attacked the Philippines, Guam, Wake Island, Midway Island, and Howland Island, plus the British territories of Malaya and Hong Kong and the independent kingdom of Thailand. The same builders who built the famous New York and Pennsylvania suburbs constructed a planned community in Puerto Rico. Perhaps not coincidentally, this was precisely the time when the Wisconsin School developed its understanding of U.S. empire as an informal undertaking. There has been an accelerating avalanche of high-profile books on U.S. overseas territory, especially the Philippines. (William B.) United States territorial acquisitions - INFOGALACTIC Mexican Cession. Acquisition - Wikipedia 29, September 1, 1949, 3; American Samoa (16): American Samoa Statistical Digest (Pago Pago: 1994), 17; Guam and Micronesia (35 together): Hal Friedman, Creating an American Lake: United States Imperialism and Strategic Security in the Pacific Basin, 194547 (Westport, CT, 2001), 122; U.S. Expansion . The final map in the series showed the United States full territorial extent. 36. Includes note, list to poplulation by states, and a bar graph showing the National Publishing Company (Boston, Mass.). To speak only of formal acquisitions, explained Thomas McCormick, was just an intellectual game that the previous generation of historians had played to avoid confronting the centrality of American expansion to U.S. history. 7 Once one looked beyond colonies to the informal empire, the expansive force of the United States became apparent. When we factor the territories in, were left not with the logo mapthe familiar compact and static land mass. 46, The War on Terror has drawn our attention to how crucial small overseas sites can be to the projection of power. The Historical Office of the Office of the Secretary of Defense (OSD) dates to 1949. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, . We have been so long used to regard the United States as an extent of country reaching from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean, and bounded on the north by the British possessions and on the south by the Mexican Republic, remarked the Attorney General, that it requires almost a wrench to take us out of our old habits of thought and accustom us to the fact that our domain on the north reaches to within the Arctic Circle; that we have the Sandwich Islands [Hawaii]; that we have the vast Philippine Archipelago. 14, Cartographers, eager to showcase the new dimensions of the country, rushed to publish new maps. 18 Its worth noting, though, that Bolton himself was shaped by the 1898 moment. For full access to this pdf, sign in to an existing account, or purchase an annual subscription. Swains Island was annexed in 1925 (occupied since 1856), . Acquisitions Incorporated was an adventuring company from the Sword Coast. The map is color-coded to show the territory of the original United States and the Northwest Territory (1783), the Louisiana Purchase (1803), the area acquired from Britain in 1818 west of the Lake of the Woods, Florida in 1819, the annexation of Texas in 1845, the .