Last updated November 26, 2013. 0000078100 00000 n Question: ACTIVITY 2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations-New York; Nome, Alaska; and Mexico City. I contacted the persons listed below to find out the location of the following people entitled to notice Name of Person Measure the difference in arrival times between the first shear (s) wave and the first compressional (p) wave, which can be interpreted from the seismogram. Before going to the classroom, you will need to: Provide each student, with the following: Earthquakes occur every day all over the United States and all over the world. (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). 9 - 0000030240 00000 n Also commonly termed the focus. 0000000016 00000 n The USGS Earthquake Hazards Program is part of the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP), established by Congress in 1977, and the USGS Advanced National Seismic System (ANSS) was established by Congress as a NEHRP facility. aqmd. within type by subtype, then by grade, etc. If a quake is near the seismograph, the S-waves arrive shortly after the P-waves. 0000001746 00000 n Read through the sections What Is Seismology and What Are Seismic Waves?, Where Do Earthquakes Happen?, and Why Do Earthquakes Happen? to answer the following questions: What is the difference between S and P waves? Follow this simple guide to edit Locating the epicenter of an earthquake worksheet answer key in PDF format online free of charge: Explore all the advantages of our editor right now! 0000079769 00000 n ACTIVITY 4.2B Locating an Earthquake Figure 4.5 shows seismograms for the same earthquake recorded at three locations - New York, Nome, Alaska, and Mexico City. Use Figure 5 and the travel-time graph in Figure 4 to determine . 0000031066 00000 n As discussed earlier in this lesson, this method of determining the epicenter of an . There are two sets of data and maps to do this activity/ lab for than once. The vertical lines, spaced one ' endstream endobj 69 0 obj <> endobj 70 0 obj [85 0 R] endobj 71 0 obj <> endobj 72 0 obj <> endobj 73 0 obj <>stream In the ASN, standards are hierarchically structured: first by source; e.g., by state; within source by type; e.g., science or mathematics; follow our easy steps to get your lab activity locating epicenters answer key well prepared rapidly choose the template in the library enter all necessary information in the required llable areas the 0000002507 00000 n When seismic data is collected from at least three different locations, it can be used to determine the epicenter by where it intersects. Shear wave from earthquake, moving slower than primary waves, through solid material only. 61 0 obj <> endobj xref (Grades The distance is in kilometers. Locating an Epicenter Activity - Arkansas Geological Survey %PDF-1.3 % 0000003254 00000 n When the tension becomes too great, the fault slips, causing an earthquake. "`B(R6sj [CX7p+s =#;~ `'kA Several thousand seismographs exist at locations around the planet, continuously measuring abnormalities in the Earth's movement. The hypocenter is the point within the earth where an earthquake rupture starts. lag time. Next, have student groups answer the eight questions in the. 0000005149 00000 n Earth and Space, Physical Science, A process called triangulation uses seismic data from three locations to identify the epicenter of an earthquake.copyrightCopyright USGS http://earthquake.usgs.gov/learn/kids/eqscience.php. We also acknowledge previous National Science Foundation support under grant numbers 1246120, 1525057, and 1413739. 13. After reading about earthquakes, open a new window to an Earthquake Simulator at, Follow the simulation instructions. Then do the same for the S-wave. Section 8.1 What Is an Earthquake? 0000000956 00000 n A single recording station can only calculate distance, but not direction; to cover all possibilities, a complete circle is drawn around that station. 0000078169 00000 n 0000001562 00000 n to the lag time measured at this location? Geologists use seismic waves to locate an earthquake's epicenter. Focus (aka Hypocenter) is the location in the Earth where the earthquake starts. In a concluding class discussion, have groups share their ideas about engineering and one new thing they learned about earthquakes. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 xb``d``Id`a`Ab@_ :iWGi>|q` question 1 of 3. 100 km 4.1 km/s 24.4 s; Finding the epicenter (continued) data table analyze and conclude answer the following questions on a separate sheet of paper. Scientists use triangulation to find the epicenter of an earthquake. They use three seismographs in a process called triangulation to determine earthquake epicenters. If less precision is desired, precede M with a tilde, such as "M ~7" or "magnitude ~6.8.". 1. 3. Practicing this technique, the students work several problems on a map of the US. If you can't find an answer to your question, please contact us. trailer <<320C1F98F8FF4795B5CCB8D9E9A0B99B>]/Prev 812054/XRefStm 1396>> startxref 0 %%EOF 93 0 obj <>stream inch = 500 km. How is the magnitude of an earthquake determined? earthquake. Copyright 2023. !D,X2:azTG)kPT~Mj 4>d w@O'. Short for "primary wave" or "pressure wave." graph. A little under 30 seconds, maybe around 26 seconds. Video Guide / Worksheets and Quizzes for Quizzes and Answer Sheet __ 2. to the lag time measured at this location? While earthquake locations are normally done with a computer that can quickly determine the paths of seismic waves through the Earth to many seismic stations, 15 Introduction to Geology Chapter Worksheet . How does distance from the epicenter affect the magnitude (height) of the seismograph reading? 17 Station St., Ste 3 Brookline, MA 02445. It's a logarithmic scale from 1 to 10 with each succeeding level representing 10 times as much energy as the last. What did it feel like? Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. 13 4 locating an earthquake epicenter geosciences libretexts . The USGS now uses the MMS to estimate magnitudes for all modern large earthquakes. This worksheet focuses on using the p and s graph to find different variables. Triangulation to Locate an Earthquake By Earthquake Hazards Original Thumbnail Medium Detailed Description Triangulation can be used to locate an earthquake. For example, : an American History (Eric Foner), Principles of Environmental Science (William P. Cunningham; Mary Ann Cunningham), Forecasting, Time Series, and Regression (Richard T. 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Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video shake, shake, shake. Develop a solution to a technological problem that has the least negative environmental and social impact. Short for "secondary wave" or "shear wave." Since the 1970s, the use of the Richter magnitude scale has largely been replaced in the scientific community by the moment magnitude scale (MMS). Students learn how engineers build shake tables that simulate the ground motions of the Earth caused by seismic waves in order to test the seismic performance of buildings. This section explains what earthquakes and faults are and what causes earthquakes. Empirical evidence is required to differentiate between cause and correlation and make claims about specific causes and effects. Zip. The time Though the distance to the epicenter can be determined using a travel-time graph, the direction cannot be told. 12), Evaluate ways that technology can impact individuals, society, and the environment. Accessed December 11, 2013. http://www.sciencecourseware.com/virtualearthquake/, USGS Earthquake Magnitude Policy (implemented on January 18, 2002). In order to determine the location of an earthquake epicenter, seismographsfrom at least three different places are needed for a particular event. Refer to the data table and use the difference in arrival times to determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter for Station 2. 0000004769 00000 n All the arcs should intersect at a common point - the epicenter. A minimum of three seismic stations is necessary to locate an epicenter. Introduction: Before student pairs look at the Earthquakes Living Lab, direct them to complete the Engage section of the Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, which asks them to apply any prior knowledge and/or speculate as to what the Richter magnitude scale is and what an epicenter is. Three seismographs are needed. 2. Students learn what causes earthquakes, how we measure and locate them, and their effects and consequences. www.teachengineering.org/activities/view/csm_findingepicenters_activity1, Search curriculum by Common Core standards, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/earthquakes/, Click to view other curriculum aligned to this Performance Expectation, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Worksheet, Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes (pdf), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (docx), Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes Example Answers (pdf), Earthquakes Living Lab: FAQs about P Waves, S Waves and More, Seismic Waves: How Earthquakes Move Through the Earth, Earthquakes Living Lab: Designing for Disaster, http://www.teachengineering.org/livinglabs/index.php, https://www.newpathonline.com/api_player/enus_54_6304/LXX/index.html. Earthquakes Living Lab: Finding Epicenters and Measuring Magnitudes ActivityWorksheet Example Answers 4 now big earthquakes are measured using the moment magnitude scale; both scales essentially rank the power (energy release) of the earthquake. 0000103591 00000 n Once three seismographs have been located, find the time interval between the arrival of the P-wave . Travel-time graphDistance in Miles, Copyright 2023 StudeerSnel B.V., Keizersgracht 424, 1016 GC Amsterdam, KVK: 56829787, BTW: NL852321363B01, seismogram. 0000002383 00000 n Great-circle arcs are drawn on the globe using the distance of the earthquake to the station as a radius. PS: We do not share personal information or emails with anyone. What are those limits? In this activity, students use an online simulationVirtual Earthquakethat is accessible through the Earthquakes Living Lab interface, to locate the epicenter of an earthquake by making simple measurement on three seismograms, recordings of an earthquake's seismic waves detected by instruments (seismographs) far away from the earthquake. You will analyze the records and locate the earthquake using a method known Key Facts & Information. The LibreTexts libraries arePowered by NICE CXone Expertand are supported by the Department of Education Open Textbook Pilot Project, the UC Davis Office of the Provost, the UC Davis Library, the California State University Affordable Learning Solutions Program, and Merlot. 0000005544 00000 n If your seismograph station is In Figure 13.9, there is an example seismogram from a station that includes a minor earthquake. Where the 3 circles intersect is the approximate location to the epicenter of the earthquake. Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach the, seismic station first. Though they may weaken with distance, seismographs are sensitive enough to still detect these waves. An earthquake is the violent movement of tectonic plates in the Earth's crust. [k0 |`2dGXGGGd00A(60P-e = F5n -f$ C (Source: USGS, Wikipedia). Tips: Make sure students are reading the S waves and not the P waves. Locating Earthquake Epicenter Lab - Triangulation sheet for students and/or teachers to use (Slide 6), and answer key (Slide 7). 0000002840 00000 n 0000033429 00000 n Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People, Locating Earthquake Epicenters | CK-12 Foundation, Earthquake Station - Regents Earth Science, Locating Earthquakes Teaching Resources - TPT, Locating An Epicenter Teaching Resources - TPT, How To Find The Epicenter Of An Earthquake - YouTube, Locating The Epicenter Of An Earthquake Worksheet, Locating An Earthquake Epicenter Worksheet Answers, glencoe responsible driving chapter 2 answers, pnp neuro psychiatric exam sample questions, quais tipos de drogas sao detectadas no exame toxicologico, centro de apoio diagnostico resultado de exames, locating earthquake epicenter worksheet answer key, exame pcr covid para viagem internacional, quantos dias pra sair o resultado do exame de covid, du ma political science entrance exam syllabus 2023, earth and life science grade 11 module 4 genetic engineering answer key, go math grade 5 chapter 11 lesson 11.9 answer key, civil service examination in the philippines. How far do S waves travel in 5 Direct students to finish the activity by completing the. The distance to the earthquake epicenter is then determined using the "Earthquake P-Wave and S-Wave Travel Time" graph. located 1,000 miles from the earthquake lab lab: locating the epicenters of earthquakes objective measurable learning outcomes use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of Skip to document Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew My Library Discovery Institutions Western Governors University Southern New Hampshire University 1. 0000001736 00000 n How does distance from the epicenter affect the S-P time interval? The farther a station is from the minute apart, represent the passage of time *The NGSS logo is a registered trademark of WestEd. earthquake - shaking and vibration of Earth's surface. 5. focus - the point within Earth where an earthquake originates. 0000006984 00000 n Place a ruler (or straight edge) on the chart between the points you marked for the distance to the epicenter and the amplitude. Multiply the difference by 8.4 to estimate the distance, in kilometers, from the seismograph station to the epicenter. This activity is designed around the Earthquakes Living Lab, a resource and online interface that uses real-time U.S. Geological Survey seismic data from around the world. =Cv :~4yrXP 62{_,*Uq/O-oUNBr-$y~:G},#3e^CS6U*_zVGY7ZNUWk2f?? {%!,"{u5E&OOqA_"/uxn-kx+Vz*EQb)Q Practice with Triangulation: Locating an earthquake epicenter. epicenter of an earthquake, how Book: Laboratory Manual for Introductory Geology (Deline, Harris & Tefend), { "13.01:_Introduction" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.02:_The_Epicenter,_Focus,_and_Waves" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.03:_Seismology" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", "13.04:_Locating_an_Earthquake_Epicenter" : "property get [Map MindTouch.Deki.Logic.ExtensionProcessorQueryProvider+<>c__DisplayClass228_0.b__1]()", 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Using 3 seismograms the students will be able to triangulate the epicenter of an earthquake. P wave. HTn {0,`K6}(J6]&Q^"!q57y_VQ9fp3/?Mc=KGsrrt:c\$Lh`4}>C>`qcSj0[YpZ_Su(322/N Z./$E )H %C[5ph[BUyGh7|!XPQiDjJ(|BNvylk+g;9G(#Aby>Jcf`XmnwtDD+;Z^I&Sb-4!7oi` L7 endstream endobj 78 0 obj <> endobj 79 0 obj <>stream If a quake is far from the seismograph, the P-waves arrive long before the S-waves. At least 3 earthquake recording stations are required to find the location of the earthquake epicenter. What about P waves? 0000007783 00000 n 0000001533 00000 n The moment magnitude scale (MMS) was developed in the 1970s as a modification of the Richter scale and is better for measuring big earthquakes but less good for small ones. 0000002250 00000 n 6. You learned that seismologists determine the distance to the earthquake epicenter using the difference between S and P wave arrival times. gov For online instructions and current fees click here. This is determined by the P-and S-wave arrival times. 87 0 obj <> endobj xref 87 28 0000000016 00000 n Add to FlexBook Textbook. 4. Entering the three maximum amplitudes generates a nomogram, a graphical device that simplifies the process of estimating magnitude from distance (determined earlier in the tutorial from the S-P interval process) and amplitude. by. Finding the epicenter worksheet answer key. PDF. 0000008845 00000 n Many updates and improvements! If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, The period of a wave is the time between two adj, How does the period of the P waves compare to t. Use data from seismograms to locate the epicenters of earthquakes. technology, engineering or math (STEM) educational standards. The magnitude determination is based on seismic data. Use mathematical representations to support a claim regarding relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in various media. American Geosciences Institute. Students learn about the types of seismic waves produced by earthquakes and how they move through the Earth. Add to Library. What types of engineers might use this data the most? Pwaves have the greatest velocity and reach theseismic station first. Activity 4: Locating an Earthquake Epicenter Examining Seismograms The three basic types of seismic wave generated by an earthquake at its focus are Pwaves, Swaves, and Surface waves. The point where your ruler crosses the middle line on the chart marks the magnitude (strength) of the earthquake. 0000106240 00000 n 0000001777 00000 n One seismogram indicates the distance to the epicenter. Draw your signature, type it, upload its image, or use your mobile device as a signature pad. Please answer the following questions using the earthquake video - shake, shake, shake. Do limits exist on what science can predict? See Answer. Figure 2. Explain the difference between S and P waves, and how their time interval is used to determine the epicenter location. Answer Key: Lab 5 Earthquakes - Find People EARTHQUAKES: Epicenter Determination and Seismic Waves . Then locate and click the link in the center of the page under the question: "How is an earthquake epicenter located and how is magnitude determined?" 4. (Grades d>(ZvO= If the lag time were measured at a location closer to the epicenter, how would it compare Have students click on the Earthquakes Living Lab hyperlink in the top left in the earthquakes section. 0000001396 00000 n Cross), Give Me Liberty! By looking at the time between the arrivals of the P- and S-waves, one can determine the distance to the earthquake from that station, with longer time intervals indicating longer distance. S waves. Finding the Epicenter Determine the epicenter distance from three different seismographs. Therefore, the lag The travel-time graph After this activity, students should be able to: Each TeachEngineering lesson or activity is correlated to one or more K-12 science, How can you locate an earthquake's epicenter? Quick Tips. This investigation is considered generally safe to do with students. approximate period of the surface waves in seconds? We additionally manage to pay for . The instrument detects and documents the intensity, direction and duration of ground vibrations, which are used to determine the epicenters and strength/magnitudes of earthquakes or other seismic events. Sign, fax and printable from PC, iPad, tablet or mobile with pdfFiller Note-taking Worksheet. %PDF-1.5 % $8.25. Adjust the timing to the class period, remembering that you will need time to introduce the investigation, clean up afterwards, and re-set up for the next class (if you are working with more than one class). 12), computer or other device with Internet access, journal or writing paper for each student. Describe the process of triangulation to locate an epicenter. The longer the time is between the P-and S-wave . A circle with a radius of the distance to the quake can be drawn. longer or shorter). Thus, the Richter scale is used for measuring small earthquakes (3.5 M or less), while the moment magnitude scale is used for measuring stronger earthquakes (3.5 M or higher).