It formally brought the Southern states back into the Union. for freed slaves. While not generally used today, it was accepted usage (by both black and white writers) during this period and it is part of the historical record. WebReconstruction Question 6 900 seconds Q. Granted citizenship, due process, and equal protection under the law. More recent interpretations, however, offer a broader timeline for Reconstruction. Po^dl=X7K1*,@~]^[ #Uh"d Copy of Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Activity.docx, Karen-Hernandez_Evaluating_Reconstruction_Interactive_Activity, Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.docx, Janmarco Ordonez Romero - Evaluating Reconstruction Interactive Project.pdf, Linh Ho - Reconstruction Notes Questions.docx, Deysha Macrae Reconstruction assignment.docx, HIS 121-W1 Ch. It was approved by both houses in June 1866. pNqmjEJOpKxZv{u 4-aCn v84l%_YYk:Ii:vSG#oa H"x\*Uj/V-,!9.RT5\VM_nCdB5" \.x}{ No/^+4.svjc;NfdHsfJhl\_e2nsS,{ In many ways, we continue these struggles in our politics today. Yes, a few. This hostility gathered strength as scandals continued to supply evidence for its justification. hbbd``b`"|c4`@@Hd100Kg0` The states were allowed to ignore the Fourteenth Amendment. Johnson denounced the Fourteenth Amendment and urged the southern states not to ratify it. . In addition to reviewing the text of the Fourteenth Amendment, each group will be assigned to cover one additional (but short) document and make a presentation to the class summarizing the views presented in it. To reinstate slavery in parts of the United States, To fix damage done to buildings during the war, To rebuild the southern economy and society. How did the Compromise of 1877 effectively end Reconstruction? Analyzing Primary SourcesThis lesson involves using a number of primary source documents authored by a variety of people; some were highly educated, others were less so, and still others were recently freed slaves who were barely literate. Those who were not eligible for amnesty could appeal for a pardon. The 15th Amendment became an unenforced dead letter by the late nineteenth century. Any items you have not completed will be marked incorrect. WebWhat is meant by the term Reconstruction? While there were some improvements in African American life in the post-war South, many whites were reluctant to abandon their racist attitudes and biased practices. What happened to white small farmers during this time? bookmarked pages associated with this title. WebThe Military Reconstruction Act of 1867 Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that 109 0 obj <> endobj As a result, these farmers remained in a form of economic bondage, tied to the landowner with no foreseeable way of making enough personal profit to become independent. 'j/%>Rgy|@mePxSNOw5Nu'IbL`hEfYaWk*_p It helped maintain schools for black kids and insured fairness of labor contracting. Blacks that did not have jobs could be put in jail, and therefore took the first job (even bad jobs) offered to them. But charges of corruption were not limited to Grants administration. corruption did not come to an end. Compute the acceleration of the particle after 2 seconds -30. 9RR}yswNQZ8][1FM_+ Demonstrate their ability to navigate through a statistical map interactive. African American males would not have the right to vote until the Fourteenth Amendment was passed. Determined to prevent Johnson from interfering with their plan, Radical Republicans pushed through two pieces of legislation in March 1867 intended to severely limit presidential power. How did the stereotype of carpetbaggers compare with the reality? The sharecropping model left many tenant farmers in such dire straits that it was nearly impossible to break free from their economic shackles. In February 1868, after months of investigation, the House voted to impeach the president, largely on the grounds that Johnson had violated the Tenure of Office Act in firing Edwin Stanton. Grant won the 1868 presidential election by a landslide in the Electoral College, but only won the popular vote by 300,000 ballots. Who did southern voters elect to office under the terms of presidential reconstruction? While one document cannot speak to the effects of the war on an entire group, it will give students an insight into what may have represented a common experience and reaction to Reconstruction policy. %%EOF After 10% of a states voters signed a loyalty oath to the Union and the Constitution and abolished slavery, it could hold elections and vote and would be granted a full pardon and readmitted to the Union. African Americans began to be elected to federal, state, and local governmental posts. In addition to racial animosityand possibly a factor that fed into that animosity as it was exploited by demagogueswas the rule of ineffective and inexperienced state and local politicians in the wake of Southern defeat. Lincoln vetoed this bill, setting the stage for a compromise on the issue of Reconstruction. This was all Congress needed to begin impeachment proceedings. What were the provisions of the first Reconstruction Act? Who became president when Lincoln was assassinated? What are the Constitutional Grounds for impeachment? List the groups in chronological order that ran and controlled the Reconstruction process in the US Government. Economic Growth and Development 18151860, Grant Administration; Reconstruction Ends. But another clear reason was the often ineffective and incompetent governing that characterized many of the post-war Republican Southern governments. President Johnson vetoed the Act, but Congress overrode his veto to pass it. endstream endobj 115 0 obj <>stream How did Amendments 13, 14, & 15 help African Americans? He antagonized the northern voters. As a result, the Democrats began using their newfound majority to roll back many of the social programs put in place during Reconstruction that were designed to aid the poor and African Americans. WebIdentify specific problems that may have emerged as a result of Reconstruction policy in its many and varied permutations. Similarly, there were those in the South who turned their bitterness at losing the war into a default position of hostility to all efforts to move forward. Who was the Republican candidate in the election of 1868? But how much really changed? Rather than working with congressmen who might have supported his Reconstruction plan, Johnson alienated potential political allies by vetoing legislation intended to ensure civil rights for African Americans. Under the Constitution, the House of Representatives acts as a grand jury in impeachment cases and determines whether there is enough evidence to bring an official to trial. What were the problems faced by the south after the Civil War? Think about the italicized questions a form of agriculture in which a landowner allows a tenant to use the land in return for a share of the crops produced on their portion of land, formally known as the Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen and Abandoned Lands, was established in 1865 by Congress to help millions of former black slaves and poor whites in the South in the aftermath of the Civil War. What did the 15th Amendment accomplish ? The Freedmen's Bureau helped most in the area of education. Segregation of both the official and unofficial variety took root. They were more familiar with the places where most battles occured. The Freedmans Bureau played a key role in helping African Americans gain access to basic needs, education, property, and health care during Reconstruction. Jabir ibn Hayyan replaced the.. of a misinformed philosophy with the rigors of objective experimentation. Laws passed by the South during Presidential Reconstruction that regulated the lives of freed slaves. Ryan read an exegesis of the cryptic poem because .. What is meant by the term Reconstruction? Essentially repudiating the 1857 Dred Scott decision, the amendment clearly states that all persons born or naturalized in the United States are citizens of the United States and of the State wherein they reside. It provides for due process and equal protection under the law. Throughout his term, Johnson would try to use his Executive Branch appointments and role as Commander in Chief to try to resist Radical Reconstruction efforts being forwarded by the Republican-controlled Congress. Southern Democrats who packed their bags and fled to the West and North to escape the progressive aims of Radical Reconstruction. They gave land to the railroads. What was the immediate cause of Johnson's impeachment? one of the closest races in American history. The amendment also denies to anyone who had participated in rebellion against the United States or had given aid and comfort to those in rebellion the right to hold any national or state office, an exclusion intended to undercut Johnson's pardon policy and protect the rights of blacks, particularly those of former slaves and particularly their right to vote. Yes, two from Mississippi. Ten Southern states were placed under the control of military leaders until such time as they passed the Fourteenth Amendment and put state constitutions in place that aligned with the United States Constitution. Both Sharecroppers and Tenant Farmer did not own the land they farmed, but received a share of the profits of the crops Tenant Farmers : Were mostly poor whites who lived and farmed on someone else's land, owned a few tools or supplies which enabled them to make a small profit, because they need not borrow as much on credit. Grant's victory came in large part to nearly 500,000 black voters in the South who overwhelmingly voted for him and the Republican party during the election. Reconstruction in Practice. Connected to this question were larger discussions about the rights of four million newly-freed African Americans, the extent to which former Confederates should be punished for their role in the war, the fulfillment of "Manifest Destiny" through westward expansion and settlement of Indian Country, and the meanings of freedom and justice in the United States. This condition was inevitable given the disqualification of many of the regions most experienced and able government officials because of their disfranchisement for participation in the late rebellion. The authors of the documents were selected to show a variety of contrasting views and also to reflect the different ways that Reconstruction affected various populations. %PDF-1.5 % Finally, each state legislature had to ratify the Fourteenth Amendment. CliffsNotes study guides are written by real teachers and professors, so no matter what you're studying, CliffsNotes can ease your homework headaches and help you score high on exams. The Tenure of Office Act required the president to obtain approval from the Senate to remove any officeholder that the Senate had confirmed. answer choices True False Question 19 30 seconds Q. Following Lincoln's assassination, the task of implementing Reconstruction fell to his vice president, Andrew Johnson. What wasthe primary purpose of the Reconstruction period following the Civil War? HUj@}WDn! He pushed for the establishment of the Department of Justice in 1870, which was tasked with investigating acts of violence against African Americans. This lesson plan will explore the social, economic and political conditions of the United States as Reconstruction drew to a close in the years leading up to the Compromise of 1877. and then to be taken up again in the Civil Rights struggles of the 20th century. they became caught up in debt. At the end of this lesson, each student should demonstrate his or her proficiency by doing one of the following: 1. WebStudy with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Freedmen's Bureau, Reconstruction, Lincoln's Reconstruction Plan and more. he was lincoln's vice president and a southern democrat. President Ulysses S. Grant had been elected partly because he seemed to show promise of strong executive leadership, but also because he was viewed in the afterglow of his wartime success. HUKo@+VaX@R)nQ1 cwfgK.^|[EsyRBoe &:|. iqQ1c@:)~ TBSQs*qUN!hGm!y~ ;9Yz`E_>| ? :d l%Ope,s/4*rxWOOORcH!G*Q-9#E&iP@Lm6DE#4rt>Oi>'~h[WFW8D'UF1;6>3R^}kE`VqL0, DLi] ZP7 ~K]M6 He told the southern states to reject it. For this activity, the students will use the interactive maps [temporarily located at http://civclients.com/nehint/recon/] as well as the documents specified below that can be found in the Text Document for Activity 1. Congressmen? endstream endobj startxref was a negative term Southerners adopted and gave to opportunistic and speculative Northerners who moved to the South during the Reconstruction Era, often seen as frauds. Upon completing this lesson, students will begin to see the ways in which a political and constitutional crisis emboldened some lasting divisions within American society and, perhaps what is more important, the ways in which the crisis forged a new path for a stronger and more perfect Union. All the of the African American were expelled in 1868 when whites said that the Constitution gave freedmen the right to vote, but never explicitly said they had the right to run for and hold an office because they were once slaves. What were some of the accomplishments of the Reconstruction legislatures? Removing #book# Split ten former Confederate states (excluding Tennessee) into five military districts to be overseen by the U.S. military and mandated that each state rewrite its state constitution to allow for black male voting rights before readmittance into the Union. Required 50% of southern white men to swear allegiance of the union and accept the end of slavery. Were there any black governors in the South during Reconstruction? In June 1868, Congress determined that Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, North Carolina, and South Carolina had met the requirements, and the states were admitted to the Union. These groups will take on the role of special investigative committees reporting to a Congressional committee examining the effects of Reconstruction. White Violence- southerners could deal better than the north It was signed into law by President Andrew Johnson. At every step, Congress intervened and put laws in place that circumvented and, in some cases, limited the Presidents authority. universal male suffrage, A bill was introduced in February 1866 to reauthorize the oneyearold Freedmen's Bureau and allow it to try in military courts persons accused of depriving former slaves of their rights. gave blacks equal access to public accommodations Johnson toured the nation, where he gave speeches opposing the radicals in Congress. Question 4 What was the Civil Rights Act of 1875? Howdid the Thirteenth Amendment changethe Constitution? Many Southerners were scared of rebellion. This legislation overturned "Black Codes" that had been established in the former Confederate states and had been used to keep African Americans in a near-state of slavery. Although the Lost Cause narrative argued that Grant's presidency had been a complete failure, more recent scholarship has attempted to reevaluate his legacy in a more balanced manner, highlighting both the accomplishments and shortcomings of his eight years in office. Did black legislatures outnumber whites in any state legislatures? WebEvaluating Reconstruction As the Civil War was drawing to a close in 1865, President Lincoln began making plans for the physical, economic, social and political rehabilitation of a region many became sharecroppers. The historian (i.e., the teacher) will preside over the presentations and discussions and help the class distill the information gathered so that the class, together, can compose a two-page brief for the historian summarizing the impact of the Reconstruction debate over voting rights on the politics of the nation in 1877. What was the purpose behind the Black Codes? For each group, briefly describe (in one paragraph) the primary motivations and objectives that moved them to action. 3 southern states votes came in with 2 sets of counts, 1 Dem, 1 Repub, so the vote went to the House of Representatives who decided Republicans. 10% plan What was Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called? After completing both sections of the worksheet, the group should discuss what they have learned about their topic through the interactive and the document. The documents listed above in conjunction with an examination of the painting could be used to spark an in-class discussion of the difficulties facing the South as it moved from one kind of social structure to a new, more American, way of life. Certainly, there was deep resentment on the part of many white southerners who did not want to accept the idea of racial equality. The teacher may wish to review these documents so as to be able to explain any difficult vocabulary or unfamiliar vernacular. Exclusion of the last group reflected Johnson's hatred of the planter aristocracy rather than some condition that had to do with restoring the former Confederate states. Also, this page requires javascript. It required former Confederate states to include a ban on slavery in their state constitutions. A large number of immigrants and African Americans were given voting rights. The end of the Civil War found the nation without a settled Reconstruction policy. The first federal immigration restrictions were passed during this time. The impeachment of Johnson. Civil War & Reconstruction Part 2 Quiz - Quizizz
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