The tendency to see the beliefs values and customs of - Course Hero Highly dominating, highly authoritarian personalities. a. cognitive dissonance. Indicators of aversive racism correlate with discriminatory behavior, despite being the ambiguous result of good intentions gone bad. d. less; less, The Language of Composition: Reading, Writing, Rhetoric, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. Experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar. a personality that is disposed to favor obedience to authority and intolerance of outgroups and those lower in status . chapter_12 - CHAPTER 12: CULTURE Multiple Choice 1. The tendency to Rumination: Problem Solving Gone Wrong | Psychology Today HLT. The tendency to ignore information about general principles in favor of very specific but vivid information. That said, the targets of bias sometimes shift across time. A) the tendency to favor members of one's own group. It applies U.S. GAAP and reports in U.S. dollars. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike . Like SDO, there does appear to be an association between this ideology (i.e. D) GRIT. Research on gender attitudes conducted by Alice Eagly and her associates (1991) and Geoffrey Haddock and Mark Zanna (1994) suggests: Greenwald and his colleagues (2003) asked both Black and White participants to press a "shoot" button when the target appeared to be holding a gun rather than a harmless object such as a flashlight. When it comes to relationships, it is valuable to remember that negative comments usually carry much more weight than positive ones. What was the highest marginal tax rate for married taxpayers in 1970? "Oh, very good," Judge Matsumoto . The tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. Trellis8. a. warrior Tendency to favor one's own ethnic group over other ethnic groups. Table 12.2 The Collective Self-Esteem Scale. Instead, when he returns home, he shouts at his son for playing video games. skepticism. View quiz 5 psych 312.docx from PSYCH 312 at Liberty University. b. less; more c. They have relatively low levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone. Three pathways by which self-concept can shape how we communicate are self-esteem, self-monitoring, and Multiple Choice self-serving bias. Ethnocentrism. the mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. According to these jurors, this case is best explained in terms of the: The tendency to favor one's own group, the group with whom we share a common identity, is called: Kelly is a Republican and Carlos is a Democrat. Mutual views often held by conflicting people, as when each side sees itself as ethical and peaceful and views the other side as evil and aggressive. What term best describes Elena's behavior? Twenty Wallonians were arrested for nonviolent crimes, whereas 20 Pireaneans were arrested for violent crimes. Iceland, for example, guarantees legal equality between men and women. 0 . Pages 14 "teachers" were deceived and frequently subjected to severe stress. The extrinsic incentives bias is best described as the tendency for When it comes time to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you may still categorize it as good, but you will likely be a little slowerperhaps even fractions of a second slower-- in arriving at this judgment. The principle that frustrationthe blocking of an attempt to achieve some goalcreates anger, which can generate aggression. bias. A) mirror-image perceptions. In-group favoritism - Wikipedia Refusing to hire qualified job applicants because of the color of their skin is to engage in: Nestor belongs to the cross-country ski club at his college but is not a member of the downhill ski club. Shared goals that override differences among people and require their cooperation. Male 1: Maybe more than anybody else. This is not to suggest that actual older people are not competent, of course, but that they are not widely admired for their accumulated wisdom. And a stereotypical old person would be seen as high in warmth but lower in competence. The enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group: Term. Although the interviewer may not be blatantly biased, their automatic or implicit biases may be harmful to one of the applicants. Influence (conforming) resulting from a person's desire to gain approval or avoid disapproval. Altemeyer, B. The groups are supporters of two rival political movements in Thailand and politically neutral subjects. However, imagine if every time you ate ice cream, you got a brain freeze. D) Relating to several _____ is the tendency to attribute one's own characteristics to other people. D) the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate. Ingroup bias, or ingroup favoritism, is a bias in which people tend to favor people who exist in similar groups as them. This is best illustrated in studies of, Prejudice is most likely to develop as a way of justifying, Most children believe their school is better than the other schools in town. Which of the following terms refers to the tendency to view members of In general, those high in SDO have a strong belief in work ethicthat hard work always pays off and leisure is a waste of time. the tendency to favor one's own group quizlet. In other words, ingroup bias denotes positive feelings towards one's ingroup, while outgroup bias denotes negative feelings towards outgroups. Word, C. O., Zanna, M. P., & Cooper, J. b. the bystander effect. Understand subtle, unexamined biases that are automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent. This is an example of: individuals sometimes perform poorly when apprehensive about being stereotyped. What is faithful representation, and why is it important. What Is the Negativity Bias? - Verywell Mind a. desensitizing them to violent acts. If people do not want to invite Margaret on vacation because they fear that she will move too slowly (a common view of older people) then they are discriminating against her. Social Psychology Flashcards | Quizlet (Social) unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members. You are Black, and you have difficulty recognizing the White customers who were in your store during a robbery. They are automatic, ambiguous, and ambivalent, but nonetheless biased, unfair, and disrespectful to a belief in equality. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like modern racism, ingroup bias, been more racially prejudiced than others and more. It turns out, however, that peoples reaction time on the IAT predicts actual feelings about out-group members, decisions about them, and behavior towardthem, especially nonverbal behavior (Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlmann, & Banaji, 2009). This best illustrates the perceived value of, The tragic murder of Kitty Genovese outside her New York apartment stimulated social-psychological research on. Which of the following is true of violent male criminals? The firm does the following: b. The non-rival out-group acts as a reference . Historical examples abound. A specific case of comfort with the ingroup is called aversive racism, so-called because people do not like to admit their own racial biases to themselves or others (Dovidio & Gaertner, 2010). Greenwald, A. G., McGhee, D. E., & Schwartz, J. L. K. (1998). We identify o we compare ingroup bias o tendency to. An aroused state of intense positive absorption in another, usually present at the beginning of a love relationship. attitude. We group household objects together as furniture, certain domestic animals as pets, and certain books as classics. Categories are helpful because they provide a mental roadmap for how to interact in novel situations. believing in the superiority of one's own ethnic and cultural group, and having a corresponding disdain for all other groups . This statement best reflects the: Victoria is a fifth grader in Carson Elementary School. b. the just-world phenomenon. these group categories that he fits into are his _____., an ___ is a large amount of people that perceive themselves as different from/ apart from their ingroup and more. Solved QUESTION 23 The tendency to apply one's own cultural | Chegg.com According to Gallup's polling . An unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. C) a win-win solution. Calls for national unity and patriotism that do not tolerate dissenting voices are an example. This finding is consistent with the theory that some countries, like the U.S., emphasize an individualistic self-concept. PPP and ( 1 at p)p)p). self-worth. Armstrong Publishing had 25% of its sales in mysteries, 10% in biographies, 15% in cookbooks, 15% in romance novels, 20% in science, and the rest in business books. If someone is in our "ingroup," we are more likely to trust them. b. deindividuation. To illustrate this pattern, we turn to two ideologies related to bias. People naturally create mental categories. All of the following are examples of measures of central tendency What roles do the evoked set, inert set, and inept set take part in a consumer's information search? This experiment best illustrated the impact of, The discomfort we feel when 2 thoughts are inconsistent is called, Unconsciously mimicking those around us is known as the, We tend to feel cheerful around happy people and sad around depressed people. Weddings are generally happy occasions (it is more appropriate to say congratulations than I am so sorry), they are formal affairs (people typically dress up), and they usually include food (you dont need to stop and eat before attending the wedding). For example, if you were asked to categorize ice cream as good or bad, you might quickly categorize it as good. Examined the impact of social roles and authority on behavior with his famous Stanford Prison experiment. The girls' belief best illustrates: Daniel does not get the desired salary hike during his annual appraisal. Returning to an example from earlier, the homeowner high in SDO may dislike the outgroup member moving into her neighborhood because it threatens ones economic resources (e.g. Categories, then, are becoming more and more uncertain, unclear, volatile, and complex (Bodenhausen & Peery, 2009). Conserves physiological arousal and excitement. Prejudice, Discrimination, and Stereotyping | Noba One explanation is that historical biases were widespread and institutionalized. Solved ________ is a tendency to favor one's own group. | Chegg.com B) the tendency to overestimate the impact of personal dispositions on another's behavior. A set of expectations (norms) about a social position, defining how those in the position ought to behave. D) experience increasing attraction to novel stimuli that become more familiar. For example, if two classes of children want to play on the same soccer field, the classes will come to dislike each other not because of any real, objectionable traits about the other group. exclusivity. These four kinds of stereotypes and their associated emotional prejudices (see Figure 2) occur all over the world and apply to each societys own groups. python 3d scatter plot with labels; Overgeneralized beliefs about a group of people that often underlie prejudicial emotions are called, Studies of implicit attitudes indicate that prejudice is often, Prejudice can be not only subtle but also automatic and unconscious. It was used in the context of the last major effort by electric utilities . A tendency to favor one's own group is called: been more racially prejudiced than others. Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like The jury . By understanding this natural human tendency, you can focus on finding ways to cut other people a break and to stop expecting the worst. The theory that we explain someone's behavior by crediting either the situation (external) or the person's disposition (internal). c. romantic love What is a FALSE statement regarding the research on microaggressions. The nonverbal mediation of self-fulfilling prophecies in interracial interaction. refers to the tendency to view the world through ones own cultural An unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members. Basically, rumination . Groupthink: . Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of belonging to the social world. This reaction is best explained in terms of. Does the sender (maker) of a debit memorandum record a debit or a credit in the recipients account? The tendency for observers, when analyzing another's behavior, to underestimate the impact of the situation and to overestimate the . d. deindividuation. Hanna is a supervisor in the production unit of a textile company. Today, many nations have equality clearly articulated in their constitutions. 6 facts about Americans and marijuana | Pew Research Center (2010), since the Iraq war, Americans with a strong national identity expressed the most disdain for: People redirect their hostility when the cause of their frustration is intimidating or unknown. 2. Sons are more valued than daughters. Women are in poverty and are uneducated more. Sun Microsystems uses the accrual basis of accounting and recognizes revenue at the time it sells goods or renders services. Social identity is a person's sense of who they are based on their group membership (s). Such a question would be preposterous if you were only surrounded by members of your own group. The mode of thinking that occurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. Beth believes that all sorority members are unintelligent and self-centered. The tendency to recall faces of one's own race more accurately than faces of other races. Then create a word search puzzle using the sentences-without the word as clues. This is how the IAT works: measuring tiny differences in the time it takes you to make judgments. Membership. Fundamental Attribution Error - Simply Psychology This experiment was designed to study the factors that contribute to, The affectionate attachment that keeps a relationship going after passionate feelings cool is known as, Natasha and Dimitri have a fulfilling marital relationship because they readily confide their deepest hopes and fears to each other. Indicate the amount of expenses (if any) the firm recognizes during the months of June, July, and August in each of the following hypothetical transactions. We identify o We compare Ingroup bias o Tendency to favor ones own Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (2010). They have relatively low levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone. Katz, D., & Braly, K. (1933). a. amygdala Idea that individuals pair up into relationships with people who are similar to their level of physical attraction. In-group favoritism, sometimes known as in-group-out-group bias, in-group bias, intergroup bias, or in-group preference, is a pattern of favoring members of one's in-group over out-group members. c. more; more How can people learn to get along with people who seem different from them? 3. Was the White person right to avoid the situation so that neither person would feel uncomfortable? The tendency of people to believe that one gets what one deserves and deserves what one gets is called: In Harber's (1998) study, poorly written essays received high ratings if participants were led to believe they were written by Black students rather than White students. The point is that SDOa preference for inequality as normal and naturalalso predicts endorsing the superiority of certain groups: men, native-born residents, heterosexuals, and believers in the dominant religion. This module focuses on biases against individuals based on group membership and against groups. Whenever this person encounters a person that is both left-handed and creative, they place greater . social class, family, football team etc.) On April 30, 2016, the petty cash fund contained vouchers totaling$171.40 plus $26.10 of currency.
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